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Here is a case study of a patient with injection drug use, a patent foramen ovale, and recurrent MRSA bacteremia who developed rare, fatal quadruple-valve infective endocarditis involving all 4 heart valves, highlighting the high mortality risk and importance of early recognition, surgical consultation, and substance use treatment.

How stewardship teams communicate determines whether interventions feel like policing or collaboration. Using structured, data-driven frameworks— advocacy-inquiry-listen-teach and DART—creates psychological safety to explore understanding and supports shared decision-making.

Invasive fungal diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing transplant, with shifting epidemiology, emerging resistance, and geographic variation underscoring the urgent need for improved surveillance, prevention strategies, and antifungal stewardship.

COVID-19: The Gaps in Science Communication

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The COVID-19 pandemic intensified long-standing problems in scientific production and communication—driven by perverse academic incentives, peer review strain, media hype, and growing misuse of AI—highlighting the urgent need for stronger critical appraisal skills across research and medicine.