Antibiotics

An overview of 3 recent infectious disease news stories.

Providing oral antibiotics to people who inject drugs with infections may reduce hospital readmissions.

Investigators from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona have identified links between antibiotic resistant S maltophilia phenotypes and "quorum sensing."

Early administration of such therapies in this patient group not shown to help mortality rates.

A review of 61 clinical trials suggests that acute uncomplicated cystitis in adult women could be treated with shorter duration of antibiotics in some cases.

Cefiderocol functions as a siderophore and has a novel mechanism of action which penetrates the outer cell membrane of Gram-negative pathogens.

Investigators in Italy found ceftolozane/tazobactam to be an effective treatment for some patients with severe ESBL-E infections.

Whole genome sequencing revealed little overlap between MDROs found in pets and pet owners.

A new report finds positive trends in most categories of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections; however, the pathogens still cause more than half a million infections each year.

Oral third-generation cephalosporins failed to treat Shigella sonnei infections despite in vitro susceptibility in 4 cases.

Use of prolonged IV antibiotics to treat infective endocarditis is outdated, and oral step-down therapy has been shown to be at least as effective.

IDSA reached its goal, but nobody’s buying. Can the drowning antimicrobial pipeline be saved?

In a new study, 38% of inpatients with bacteremia at an academic medical center had low procalcitonin values.

The CRACKLE-2 study examined clinical characteristics of 3 CRE subsets in the US.

A study evaluated whether frequent antibiotic use is associated with reduced infection related hospital admissions.

Growing evidence suggests that antimicrobials also interact with host innate immunity to provide potent indirect effects which enhance bacterial clearance and may result in more rapid and complete effects

Investigators in Rochester, NY, detailed the emergence of 3 antibiotic-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae since the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2010.

Investigators have shown that a new monoclonal antibody treatment is able to break apart communities of harmful bacteria, which could aid existing antibiotic treatments in more efficiently clearing out infections.

More than half of patients filled a prescription for an antibiotic within 7 days of a dental-related ED visit. Around 40% of these individuals filled a prescription for an opioid.

Here is a look at infectious disease-related US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) news from the week of February 23, 2020.

In addition to meeting its primary endpoint, cefepime-enmetazobactam displayed superiority over piperacillin-tazobactam alongside a comparable safety profile.

Antimicrobial stewardship experts are sharing their favorite tips and identifying myths about antibiotics.

Debra Goff, PharmD, describes the success of a community outreach approach to spreading the word about antimicrobial stewardship among dentists and orthopedic surgeons.

RESTORE-IMI 1 showed a safety difference IMI-REL and IMI+CST when it comes to nephrotoxicity. The team behind a new retrospective study has applied acute kidney injury assessments to the results.

Jason Gallagher, PharmD, FCCP, FIDSA, BCPS, discusses the significant drug approvals in ID over the course of 2019.

Progression to lower respiratory tract disease was associated with higher total antibiotic-days, use of antibiotics with broad anaerobic activity, and use of cephalosporins with limited anaerobic activity.

Jason Gallagher, PharmD, FCCP, FIDSA, BCPS, explains some of the factors which underlie the cost of ID treatment.

Jason Gallagher, PharmD, FCCP, FIDSA, BCPS, explains contemporary challenges facing ID clinicians individually and as a profession.

Despite the initial abandonment of bacteriophages in most areas of the world, the era of antibiotic resistance has led to a resurgence of phage therapy in clinical practice.

Mark Riddle, MD, DrPH, speaks to Contagion at ACG 2019 about the results of a study looking into microbiome changes associated with single-dose antibiotics for the treatment of traveler's diarrhea.